General reaction laboratory
Choose reviewed reactants and conditions, observe products, balance atoms, calculate stoichiometry and inspect the energy change.
Scientific learning path
- 01UnderstandLive
- 02ExploreLive
- 03ExperimentLive
- 04ObserveLive
- 05ExplainLive
- 06ApplyLive
- 07TestLive
Interactive experiment
LiveCO(g) + H2O(g) → CO2(g) + H2(g)
Reactants ready — start the reaction
Observation
Start the model to reveal the expected macroscopic observation.
Theory
The reaction is mildly exothermic; catalyst choice and staged temperatures balance rate with equilibrium conversion.
Balance
LiveEdit coefficients only. Subscripts identify the substances and must not change.
Calculation
- Reaction extent
- 1.000 mol
- Standard ΔH
- -41.2 kJ
- CO2 produced
- 1.000 mol
- H2 produced
- 1.000 mol
ΔH° = -41.2 kJ per 1 mol CO consumed; scaled by reaction extent.
Energy change
Procedure
- Select the first and second reactants.
- Set the amount of the first reactant.
- Select the reviewed reaction condition.
- Start and record the observation.
- Balance with coefficients, then compare atom totals.
- Use reaction extent to calculate product amounts and energy.
Result
Complete the interactive experiment to state a result.
Viva
- Why can coefficients change while subscripts cannot?
- Which reactant would limit the reaction if the second reactant were not supplied in its required ratio?
- What does a negative standard enthalpy change mean?
Quick test
What must remain equal on both sides of an ordinary chemical equation?
Scientific references
Live- Atkins, de Paula & Keeler, Atkins’ Physical Chemistry, 11th ed.
- NIST Chemistry WebBook — thermochemical reference data.
Description of this simulation
Choose two reactants, the amount and a suitable condition, then start the reviewed water-gas shift reaction model.
Quick test · 3 questions
Reaction learning path
17 of 17 reviewed reactions
Open foundation-to-advanced pathObjective
Safety
LiveCarbon monoxide is acutely toxic and hydrogen is highly flammable. Industrial controls are essential.
This screen is a simulation, never a substitute for supervised laboratory risk assessment.
Chemicals
CO(g) + H2O(g)
Apparatus
- Shift-reactor model
- Catalyst bed
- Steam control
- Gas analyser
What this model shows — and what it simplifies
Educational ModelThis is a closed, stoichiometric teaching model.
Where do we see this in real life?
The water-gas shift step adjusts the hydrogen-to-carbon-monoxide ratio in synthesis gas and hydrogen plants.
Explain this result
Scientific review record
Building- Module version
- v1 bundled
- Published
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- Last reviewed
- Not yet verified
- Academic level
- School
- Reviewer
- Not publicly assigned
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