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Hybridization laboratory

Connect electron-domain geometry to sp, sp² and sp³ orbitals.

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Scientific learning path

  1. 01UnderstandLive
  2. 02ExploreLive
  3. 03ExperimentLive
  4. 04ObserveLive
  5. 05ExplainLive
  6. 06ApplyLive
  7. 07TestLive
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Water

H2O

Module 8 of 13

0°

Description of this simulation

Water (H2O): Hybridization laboratory — sp³ on oxygen. Two lone pairs compress the H–O–H angle and leave a strong net dipole.

Quick test · 3 questions
1. Which statement is evidence from this simulation?
2. How should you test the effect of one control?
3. Why read the model notes?

Live result

sp³ on oxygen

Two lone pairs compress the H–O–H angle and leave a strong net dipole.

Molecule at a glance

Geometry
Bent
Symmetry
C₂v
Polarity
Polar
Bond angle
104.5°

What this model shows — and what it simplifies

Educational Model

The label is the introductory valence-bond description of the central atom: two domains map to sp, three to sp² and four to sp³.

Where do we see this in real life?

Hybridization explains why carbon builds straight alkynes, flat alkenes and tetrahedral alkanes—the framework of organic chemistry.

Explain this result

Scientific review record

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Module version
v1 bundled
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Academic level
School
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