Palladium atom & ion lab
Change the electron count of Palladium and inspect its charge, shells and reviewed atomic properties.
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Scientific learning path
- 01UnderstandLive
- 02ExploreLive
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Explanation mode
Core label represents the fixed nuclear charge; individual neutrons are not inferred from standard atomic weight.
Reviewed atomic properties
Unavailable measurements remain explicitly unavailable.
First ionization energy804.4 kJ mol⁻¹
Covalent radius139 pm
Electronegativity2.2 Pauling
The only element whose ground state has no electron in the outermost s subshell: 4d10, with an empty 5s.
Description of this simulation
Palladium is neutral here: 46 protons are balanced by 46 electrons across shells 2, 8, 18, 16, 2.
Quick test · 3 questions
Pd
Palladium
- Protons
- 46
- Electrons
- 46
- Shells
- 2 · 8 · 18 · 16 · 2
- Configuration
- [Kr] 4d10
- Common oxidation states
- 2, 4
- Phase near room conditions
- solid
What this model shows — and what it simplifies
Educational ModelThe nuclear charge stays fixed at 46 protons, which is what defines Palladium.
Where do we see this in real life?
The electron count and measured properties of Palladium help determine how it bonds, reacts and is identified in chemical materials.
Explain this result
Scientific review record
Building- Module version
- v1 bundled
- Published
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- Last reviewed
- Not yet verified
- Academic level
- Undergraduate
- Reviewer
- Not publicly assigned
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